1. The client/caregiver will be able to define cellulitis.
   1. It is an inflammation of dermis and subcutaneous tissues.
   2. It is usually caused by streptococcal or staphylococcal infection.
   3. Common locations for cellulites are the face and lower legs, but it can occur anywhere on the body.
   4. Bacteria may enter through a break in the skin, or an area of dry, flaky skin.
2. The client/caregiver can list risk factors for cellulitis.
   1. Increasing age
   2. Impaired immune system
   3. Diabetes mellitus
   4. Chicken pox or shingles
   5. Chronic swelling of arms or legs (lymphedema)
   6. Chronic fungal infections of feet and toes
3. The client/caregiver will be able to list signs and symptoms of cellulitis.
   1. Redness, warmth
   2. Localized pain and tenderness
   3. Fever, chills, and malaise
   4. Swelling
   5. Skin resembling that of an orange (peau d’orange)
   6. Lesion or open wounds
   7. Drainage
4. The client/caregiver can list treatments to promote healing.
   1. Immobilize and elevate affected limb
   2. High-protein diet
   3. Antibiotics (local ointments and/or system antibiotics) as ordered
   4. Pain management
      1. Cool wet packs, which may promote comfort
      2. Pain medications as needed
   5. Wound care
      1. Wash hands well before and after changing dressing.
      2. Wash wound with soap and water or ordered solution.
      3. Use aseptic technique.
      4. Wash soiled linens separately.
      5. Cover wound with bandage. Change bandages often.
   6. Preventive measures
      1. Moisturize skin regularly—prevent cracking and peeling.
      2. Watch for signs of infection—redness, pain, or drainage.
      3. Trim fingernails and toenails carefully. Consult with podiatrist if necessary.
      4. Protect hands and feet with gloves and proper footwear.
      5. Seek prompt treatment for open areas or signs of infection.
5. The client/caregiver will be able to list possible complications of cellulitis.
   1. Gangrene
   2. Sepsis
   3. Metastatic abscess
   4. Flesh-eating strep (necrotizing fascitis)

References

Ackley, B. J., & Ladwig, G. B. (2006). Nursing diagnosis handbook: A guide to planning care. Philadelphia: Mosby Inc.
Cohen, B. J., & Wood, D. L. (2000). Memmler’s the Human Body in Health and Disease (9th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Nutrition made incredibly easy. (2003). Springhouse: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Portable RN: The all-in-one nursing reference. (2002). Springhouse: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Taylor, C., Lillis, D., & LeMone, P. (2005). Fundamentals of nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins. Timby, B. K., & Smith, N. C. (2003). Introductory medical-surgical nursing (8th ed.). Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Credits

Client Teaching Guides for Home Health Care, 2nd ed.
© 2008 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc.
www.jbpub.com