1. The client/caregiver can define epistaxis and common causes.
   1. Epistaxis is bleeding from the nose.
   2. Common causes of epistaxis are
      • Injury or blow to nose
      • Inflammation or ulceration from sinusitis
      • Growths or polyps in the nose
      • Chemical irritants
      • Receiving large doses of aspirin or anticoagulants
2. The client/caregiver can list ways to stop the epistaxis.
   1. Remain calm with head slightly elevated.
   2. Apply pressure to the nostril of the bleeding side.
   3. Apply cold compresses over the nose.
   4. Notify health care providers of use of any medication such as
      • Aspirin
      • Nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs
      • Anticoagulants
   5. Use saline spray or gel to moisten the lining of your nose.
   6. Remind children not to “pick” their noses or use excessive force when blowing their nose.
   7. Get emergency help if
      1. Bleeding does not stop after 20 minutes
      2. Also received injury to the head
      3. The nose is misshapen after an injury

Resources

Childcare classes
First aid classes